Dataframe: CAISO:caiso_fuel_mix - CAISO Fuel Mix

Dataframe: CAISO:caiso_fuel_mix - CAISO Fuel Mix#

Description#

CAISO generation by fuel type at 5-minute resolution. Each row is one 5-minute interval, with one column per fuel category reporting the megawatts generated (or absorbed) by that category during the interval.

This is a grid operational context dataset: it shows what was actually running on the CAISO system - solar and wind output, gas burn, battery charge/discharge, imports - which frames the price and spread behavior studied elsewhere in the project.

Data Dictionary#

  • interval_start_utc: datetime64[ns] Interval start, UTC (naive; no timezone offset)

  • interval_end_utc: datetime64[ns] Interval end = start + 5 minutes, UTC

  • solar: float64 Solar generation, MW. Negative overnight (station consumption)

  • wind: float64 Wind generation, MW

  • geothermal: float64 Geothermal generation, MW

  • biomass: float64 Biomass generation, MW

  • biogas: float64 Biogas generation, MW

  • small_hydro: float64 Small hydro generation, MW

  • coal: float64 Coal generation, MW

  • nuclear: float64 Nuclear generation, MW

  • natural_gas: float64 Natural gas generation, MW

  • large_hydro: float64 Large hydro generation, MW

  • batteries: float64 Battery output, MW. Negative when charging, positive when discharging

  • imports: float64 Imports into CAISO, MW

  • other: float64 Other generation, MW

Notes#

  • Coverage begins 2018-04-10 and is extended through the present as new intervals publish.

  • All timestamps are naive UTC; local-time columns are not stored. Convert to US/Pacific at analysis time if needed.

  • solar goes negative overnight because idle solar plants draw station power from the grid.

  • batteries is signed: charging shows as negative MW, discharging as positive MW.

Data Preview#

Rows: 880,737  |  Columns: 15  |  Cache: data/opensource/caiso_fuel_mix.parquet

Sample rows#

First and latest 5 rows by interval_start_utc.

interval_start_utc

interval_end_utc

solar

wind

geothermal

biomass

biogas

small_hydro

coal

nuclear

natural_gas

large_hydro

batteries

imports

other

2018-04-10 07:00

2018-04-10 07:05

0.0

403.0

688.0

293.0

234.0

387.0

-6.0

1616.0

8736.0

3428.0

-8.0

7108.0

0.0

2018-04-10 07:05

2018-04-10 07:10

0.0

418.0

689.0

296.0

232.0

370.0

-6.0

1618.0

8722.0

3425.0

1.0

7029.0

0.0

2018-04-10 07:10

2018-04-10 07:15

0.0

465.0

688.0

297.0

232.0

366.0

-6.0

1619.0

8739.0

3464.0

6.0

6873.0

0.0

2018-04-10 07:15

2018-04-10 07:20

0.0

395.0

687.0

296.0

232.0

369.0

-6.0

1619.0

8696.0

3470.0

-14.0

6744.0

0.0

2018-04-10 07:20

2018-04-10 07:25

0.0

399.0

686.0

295.0

233.0

367.0

-6.0

1616.0

8605.0

3454.0

-38.0

6757.0

0.0

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

…

2026-08-27 06:35

2026-08-27 06:40

-73.0

3318.0

766.0

235.0

158.0

269.0

0.0

2262.0

17589.0

2978.0

222.0

6793.0

0.0

2026-08-27 06:40

2026-08-27 06:45

-74.0

3323.0

766.0

238.0

160.0

268.0

0.0

2260.0

17777.0

2975.0

93.0

6463.0

0.0

2026-08-27 06:45

2026-08-27 06:50

-73.0

3312.0

766.0

238.0

158.0

269.0

0.0

2262.0

17890.0

2966.0

-131.0

6358.0

0.0

2026-08-27 06:50

2026-08-27 06:55

-73.0

3304.0

764.0

238.0

159.0

268.0

0.0

2262.0

17992.0

2958.0

-497.0

6378.0

0.0

2026-08-27 06:55

2026-08-27 07:00

-72.0

3328.0

762.0

234.0

157.0

269.0

0.0

2262.0

18069.0

2892.0

-635.0

6213.0

0.0

Column summary#

Column

Dtype

Nulls

Min

Max

interval_start_utc

Datetime[ns]

0

2018-04-10 07:00

2026-08-27 06:55

interval_end_utc

Datetime[ns]

0

2018-04-10 07:05

2026-08-27 07:00

solar

Float64

288

-321.0

23828.0

wind

Float64

0

-2476.0

36275.0

geothermal

Float64

289

-784.0

1136.0

biomass

Float64

1070

-278.0

509.0

biogas

Float64

1075

78.0

1842.0

small_hydro

Float64

0

-2826.0

431490.0

coal

Float64

0

-10.0

91.0

nuclear

Float64

0

-74.0

2330.0

natural_gas

Float64

288

-280718.0

26697.0

large_hydro

Float64

0

-635.0

6362.0

batteries

Float64

0

-11134.0

13441.0

imports

Float64

288

-22949.0

12073.0

other

Float64

288

0.0

2.0

DataFrame Glimpse#

Rows: 880737
Columns: 15
$ interval_start_utc <datetime[ns]> 2026-08-27 06:55:00
$ interval_end_utc   <datetime[ns]> 2026-08-27 07:00:00
$ solar                       <f64> -72.0
$ wind                        <f64> 3328.0
$ geothermal                  <f64> 762.0
$ biomass                     <f64> 234.0
$ biogas                      <f64> 157.0
$ small_hydro                 <f64> 269.0
$ coal                        <f64> 0.0
$ nuclear                     <f64> 2262.0
$ natural_gas                 <f64> 18069.0
$ large_hydro                 <f64> 2892.0
$ batteries                   <f64> -635.0
$ imports                     <f64> 6213.0
$ other                       <f64> 0.0

Dataframe Manifest#

Dataframe Name

CAISO Fuel Mix

Dataframe ID

caiso_fuel_mix

Data Sources

caiso.com Today’s Outlook (fuel source)

Data Providers

CAISO

Links to Providers

https://www.caiso.com

Topic Tags

Generation, Grid Context

Type of Data Access

How is data pulled?

src/pulls/pull_caiso_fuel_mix.py via the open-source gridstatus library

Data available up to (min)

N/A

Data available up to (max)

N/A

Dataframe Path

data\opensource\caiso_fuel_mix.parquet

Linked Charts:

Pipeline Manifest#

Pipeline Name

Project-Lab-Energy-Weather-Natgas-Quanto-CAISO

Pipeline ID

CAISO

Lead Pipeline Developer

Brian Nguyen

Contributors

Brian Nguyen, Claire Kim

Git Repo URL

Pipeline Web Page

Pipeline Web Page

Date of Last Code Update

2026-08-27 10:08:05

OS Compatibility

Windows, Linux, macOS

Linked Dataframes

CAISO:caiso_lmp_day_ahead_hourly
CAISO:caiso_lmp_real_time_15_min
CAISO:caiso_lmp_real_time_5_min
CAISO:caiso_fuel_prices
CAISO:caiso_fuel_regions
CAISO:caiso_load
CAISO:caiso_load_hourly
CAISO:caiso_fuel_mix
CAISO:caiso_renewables_hourly
CAISO:caiso_curtailed_non_operational_generator_report
CAISO:caiso_outages_aggregated_hourly
CAISO:openmeteo_temperature_daily
CAISO:eia860m_generators
CAISO:us_ba_boundaries

Build Commands:

doit